The Sabbath
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "The Ritual also has a word to say concerning the Jewish Sabbath of Saturday, and the Christian Sabbath sacred to the sun. The ancient Egyptians celebrated festivals on the first, the sixth, the seventh, and the fifteenth of the month. The feast of the first and the fifteenth was a festival of Ra and the day was dedicated to Horus, who represented the earlier sun, and whose Sabbath was the seventh day, or Saturday in the earlier cult. It is said in the Ritual, "I am with Horus on the day when the Festivals of Osiris are celebrated, and when offerings are made on the sixth day of the month, and on the Feast of the Tenait in Heliopolis" (Rit., ch. 1). This Tenait was a feast associated with the seventh day of the month. Here then is a feast of the sixth and seventh, or night and day, corresponding to the Jewish Sabbath.
Osiris entered the moon on the sixth day of the month. The seventh was the feast-day, when "couplings and conceptions did abound". This was celebrated in Annu, the city of the sun, and thus far the day was a sun-day. The word tenait denotes a measure of time, a division, a week or a fortnight. A feast-day on the seventh, dedicated to the solar god, would be the sun's day, or Sunday once a month. Now, two great festivals were dedicated to Ra, the solar god, upon the seventh and fifteenth of the month. Here, then, is a fifteen-day fortnight, or solar half-month (fifteen days), which was correlated with the half-month, or tenait, of fourteen days in the lunar reckoning. The sixth of the month was a moon-day, on the night of which the love-feast of Agapae began with the entrance of Osiris, earlier Horus, into the moon, or the conjunction, say, of Horus or Hu with Hathor. This was on Friday night. The next day was a phallic festival in celebration of the celestial conjunction; it was the day assigned to Sebek=Saturn in conjunction with his mother. The festival was luni-solar; hence it was celebrated on the sixth and seventh of the month, like the Sabbath of the Jews, which is repeated later on the sixth and seventh days of the week.
Now, if we start with Sunday as the first of the month, the tenait festival fell on Saturday as a Sabbath of the seventh day. The second festival of Ra, that of Sunday, was on the fifteenth of the month, which would be eight days after the Tenait-feast upon the seventh of the month. The tenait on the Saturday and a feast of the 15th on a Sunday show the existence of a Sabbath celebrated on Saturday, the 7th, and another, eight days later, on Sunday, the 15th of the month. These, however, were monthly at first, as the festivals of Osiris or Ra, and not weekly, as they afterwards became with the Jews and the Christians. The festival of Saturday as the seventh day of the month is Jewish. The Sabbath of Sunday, the day of Ra, is a survival of the festival celebrated on the 15th of the month in ancient Egypt as the sun's day, or Sunday, once a month.
"The ancients speak of the Passion and Resurrection Pasch as a fifteen days" solemnity. Fifteen days (the length of time) was enforced by law of the empire and commanded to the universal Church" (Bingham, 9, p. 95; Gieseler, Catholic Church, sect. 53, p. 178). Fifteen days include the week of seven days and the period of eight days. Both days - Saturday the day of Horus and Sunday the day of Ra, as the seventh-day feast and the eighth-day Sabbath - were being celebrated as their two feast-days by the Christians in the middle of the fifth century, and these were known as the feasts of Saturday and of the Lord's day, or Sunday (Socrates, Hist. Eccles., lib. V, cap. 22, p. 234).
When Dionysius the Areopagite arranged the dates for the Christian celebration of the festivals he had only the pre-Christian data to go upon. Both the dates and data were Egyptian, and these had been continued with the calendar and the festivals more or less correctly. But the early Christians never really knew which was the true Sabbath, the seventh day or the eighth, so they celebrated both. As now demonstrated, according to the record of the mystery-teachers in the astronomical mythology of Egypt the legend of a child that was born of a mother who was a virgin at the time is at least as old as the constellation in the zodiac when the birthplace (in precession) coincided with the sign of Virgo some 15,000 years ago. The virgin, in this category, was the goddess Neith. The child was Horus-Sebek, the great fish of the inundation that typified the deliverer from drought and hunger, and was, in other words, the saviour of the world. Thus, by aid of equinoctial precession, the origin and development of the Christian legend and its festivals can be scientifically traced in the pre-Christian past from the time when the virgin birth of the divine child and the house of birth were in the sign of Virgo, or in Leo for the present purpose, reckoned by the movement in precession.
Salah
Genesis 12:12 "And Arphaxad lived five and thirty years, and begat Salah:
Genesis 12:14 "And Salah lived thirty years and begat Eber."
Our best bet in identifying Salah, is to go for a King named 'Salitis' by historian Manetho. He may have been a 15th Dynasty King, although Manetho wrote that Salitis conquered Egypt during the reign of Tutimaios who belongs to the 13th Dynasty. It is possible that he was the first of the Semite Nomads who were then taking over most of Lower Egypt. Salitis is thought to have been a king listed by Memphis Priests and named 'Sark'. There was no letter 'L' in Egyptian so Salah would have become something like 'Sarach', whilst the Greeks turned Salah into Salitis. He may also have been a king whose throne name is written as Re Sach Ah N, but is usually translated as Sekhaenre. See Isaac. Most Pharaohs of the time carried the Sun Disk glyph 'Re', and the 'Arm' glyph 'Ah', and Water Ripple glyph 'N' may also have been determinatives meaning Sacred Water (Baptiser). This leaves us with the name 'Sa Ah' which could easily be 'Salah' minus the non-existent Egyptian letter 'L', or as in the Memphis list, 'Sark'. (The glyph in this case for 'H' is the 'Sunrise over Hill' glyhph which is more like 'ch' in German 'ich')
The fact that we cannot find a preceding Egyptian king with the name of 'Arphaxad' is encouraging rather than disappointing, since we would not expect to find the father of an invader in the Egyptian Lists. Manetho does list a king named 'Apachnat' after Salitis, so this could be the father or son of the latter.
The succession of Egyptian Kings at this time is really something of a guessing game. One estimate places Salitis just before Sheshi (Abram) and then Heber (Yakbher). If Genesis 12:14 is actually correct, then it is more likely that Heber (Abel) was the next ruler.
Satan
The Gnostic "Acts of Thomas" refer to Jesus as having a twin brother. Statues of Mary and Joseph in the Church at Rennes-Le-Chateau in the South of France are holding twin babes. Da Vinci and Michelangelo both left works of art depicting identical twins. This may all stem from Horus and Sut being twin brothers in Egyptian mythology - see next paragraph. It may also have something to do with the Age of Gemini which would have been between 8875BCE and 6720BCE. The following Age was that of Taurus the Bull, when Horus was perceived as a Calf. Next came the Age of Aries the Ram when he was the Lamb of God, and finally that of Pisces when he took on the character of a Fish.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - The drama of Job and Satan contains a euhemerized version of the ancient conflict betwixt the prince of darkness, Sut, and Osiris or Horus, who suffers from the adversary in Amenta. The Hebrew Satan was the Egyptian Sut, who became the evil one of the later theology as an anthropomorphic rendering of Apap the serpent of evil. Sut was one of the seven sons of the old First Mother, the goddess of the Great Bear in the astronomical mythology. He was not one of "the sons of god", as there was no god extant when he was born. Sut was brought forth twin with Horus, and first born as the adversary of his brother Osiris. In a truer version of the mythos the conflict was in phenomena that were physical, not mortal. There are no morals in mythology, when the characters are non-human, and when the mythical heroes and monsters have been represented as human characters we need to know the mythology once more. The Bible is full of such characters, and Job is one of them. In the Ritual Sut is the adversary of Osiris, or, still earlier, the opponent of Horus. He undoes what the Good Being does. He is the malicious destroyer; the author of disease. He is permitted to persecute Horus or Osiris to the death. In his character of the adversary, the power of darkness, he says, "I am Sut, who causeth the storms and tempests, and who goeth round the horizon of heaven, like one whose heart is veiled" (Rit., ch. 39). Which is equivalent to saying, "I am black-hearted". Sut is here the prototype of Satan, (Note - In Egyptian the genitive is indicated by the letter 'n', thus 'st n' means 'of Sut' - Malcolm) who "goes to and fro in the earth", and of whom it is elsewhere said, "Your adversary the devil walketh about as a roaring lion seeking whom he may devour" (I. Peter, v. 8). So Satan the destroyer plays the devil with the person, the possessions, the belongings of Job, who answers to the suffering Osiris in this development of the ancient drama, in which Horus or Job was no more a human personage than is Sut or Satan. They can be studied in the Ritual without disguise or falsification of character, and without a long series of disputations, lamentations, and sermons taking the place of the primitive mystery. The "parable" taken up by Job is the battle of Sut and Osiris in the mythical representation. Job the afflicted one is the suffering Osiris who passed into Amenta as the victim of the power of darkness, Sut the tormentor, the tempter, the desolator, the destroyer.
The opponents of the sun and the manes appear in the Psalms as the adversary and the adversaries. The individual adversary is discriminated from the adversaries. Also the individual adversary is reproduced in the two characters of the Apap-dragon and of Sut or Satan, once the familiar friend or twin brother of the good Osiris, and afterwards his betrayer and inveterate personal enemy. Now, the adversaries of Osiris, or of souls in Amenta, include the Sebau, and these are the "wicked" by name, for the word in Egyptian signifies the profane, impious, blasphemous, culpable, or wicked. They rise up from Amenta as the powers of darkness in revolt, but are for ever driven back into their native night by Horus or Ra, Taht or Shu. These are the wicked of whom it is said in the Psalm, "They shall return or be driven back to Sheol" (Ps. ix. 17).
Hence we are told in this papyrus that on the 29th of Athyr the white crown was given to Horus and the red crown to Sut, as the rulers of the two territories here assigned to the two opponents warring for supremacy in the Egypt of Amenta. The red and white crowns had been previously given to Sut and Horus as the rulers of the south and north; Sut being Suten in the south, and Horus king of the north. But in the Sallier Papyrus a change is made in the disposition of the two crowns. The white crown was now given to Horus and the red crown to Sut, as the symbols of the upper and lower lands, the desert of Sut and the fertile land of Horus, or the wilderness of Anrutef and the paradise of plenty in the Sekhet-Aarru. In one of his battles with Sut, Horus, having got the better of him, takes possession of both the upper and lower land. He says, "I am Horus, the lord of Kamit (the black land) and the heir of Tesherit (the red land), which I have also seized. I who am the invincible one" (Rit., ch. 138). It is also said to Horus in "the crown of triumph" (Rit., ch. 19), "Thy father Seb hath decreed that thou shouldst be his heir. He hath decreed for thee the two earths, absolutely and without condition". Horus thus becomes the ruler of the double earth and the wearer of the double diadem, who united the white and red crown of the upper and lower earth.
The Sayings
Some of the Sayings attributed to Jesus have been colour matched with the originals by Horus to make them a little easier to pick out.
Literalist Christians may not be able to understand the Sayings, - as has been the case for more than two thousand years - Luke 8:10 "And he said, Unto you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom of God: but to others in parables; that seeing they might not see, and hearing they might not understand." John 16:12 and 25 "I have yet many things to say unto you, but ye cannot bear them now. These things have I spoken unto you in proverbs: but the time cometh, when I shall no more speak unto you in proverbs, but I shall shew you plainly of the Father.
No explanation was ever given in the Canonical Gospels, and one must read the Gnostic Gospels to learn the mysteries, and then go back to Ancient Egyptian ritual texts before the real meanings are revealed.
The Christian who relies purely and solely on his or her Bible, will always remain in the dark, never being able to advance their spiritual life towards God's Kingdom.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "It is an utterance of the truth that is eternal to say that Horus as the son of God had previously been all the Gospel Jesus is made to say he is, or is to become. Horus and the father were one. Jesus says, "I and my Father are one". "He that seeth me, seeth him that sent me" (John 12:45). Horus is the father seen in the son (Rit., 115). Jesus claims to be the son in whom the father is revealed. Horus was the light of the world, the light that is represented by the symbolical eye, the sign of salvation. Jesus is made to declare that he is the light of the world. Horus was the way, the truth, the life, by name and in person. Jesus is made to assert that he is the way, the truth, and the life. Horus was the plant, the shoot, the natzer. Jesus is made to say, "I am the true vine". The deceased says, "I spring up as a plant" (Rit., 83, 1). The deceased, in the character of Horus, or one with him by assimilation, also makes these claims for himself. Hence the sayings - the sayings which are repeated in the Gospels, more especially in the Gospel according to John = Aan. To parallel a few of the sayings in the Gospels with those of the Ritual: In the Gospel according to John, Jesus says of himself, "I am the bread of life" (John 6:35), "I am the light of the world" (John 8:12), "I am the door of the sheep" (John 10:7), "I am the good shepherd" (John 10:11), "I am the resurrection and the life" (John 11:25), "I am the way, the truth, and the life" (John 14:6), "I am the true vine" (John 15:1). And Horus was the original in all seven characters. Horus was the bread of life, also the divine corn from which the bread of life was made (Rit., ch. 83). Horus was the good shepherd who carries the crook upon his shoulder. Horus was the door of entrance into Amenta, which none but he could open. Horus was the resurrection and the life. He carries the two symbols of resurrection and of life eternal, the hare-headed sceptre, and the Ankh-key in his hands. Horus was the way. His name is written with the sign of the road (Heru). Horus was the true vine, as the branch of Osiris, who is himself the vine in person. Now the original of all these identifiable characters could occur but once, and that prototype was Horus, or Jesus in the cult of Atum-Ra.
Horus says, "It is I who traverse the heaven. I go round the Sekhet-Aarru (the Elysian fields). Eternity has been assigned to me without end. Lo! I am the heir of endless time, and my attribute is eternity" (Ritual, ch. 62). Jesus says, "I am come down from heaven. For this is the will of the Father that every one who beholdeth the son and believeth in him should have eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day". He, too, claims to be the lord of eternity. When Horus is "lifted up" to become glorified and is "Horus in his glory" (ch. 78), "master of his diadem", he says, "I raise myself up". Then he adds, "I stoop upon the Atit-bark that I may reach and raise to me those who are in their circles, and who bow down before me" as his worshippers (ch. 77). "And I", says Jesus, "if I be lifted up out of the earth (as Horus was lifted up from out the nether-world), will draw all men after me" (John 12:32/33). Horus says, "I open the Tuat that may drive away the darkness". Jesus says, "I am come a light into the world". Horus says, "I am equipped with thy words of power, O Ra" (the father in heaven) (ch. 32), "and repeat them to those who are deprived of breath" (ch. 38). These were the words of the father in heaven. Jesus says, "The Father which sent me, he hath given me a commandment, what I should say and what I should speak. The things therefore which I speak, even as the Father hath said unto me, so I speak" (John 12: 49/50). "The word which ye hear is not mine, but the Father's who sent me "(John 14:24). Horus repeated to his followers that which his father Osiris had said to him in the early time (Rit., 78). Jesus says, "As the Father taught me, I speak these things" (John 8:28). "All things that I heard from my Father I have made known unto you" (John 15:15). Horus comes on earth to report what he has known and heard and seen and handled with the father. "I have touched with my two hands the heart of Osiris". "That which I went to ascertain I have come to tell". "I know the mysterious paths and the gates of Aarru (or Paradise) from whence I come. Here am I, and I come that I may overthrow mine adversaries on earth, though my dead body be buried" (Renouf, ch. 86).
Now, this word that was in the beginning had already manifested as the "sayer" of the sayings in the Ritual. This is he who says, "I have come forth with the tongue of Ptah and the throat of Hathor (Iusãas) that I may record the words of my father Atum with my mouth". That is, as the utterer of the "sayings" which were ascribed to the Egyptian Jesus as Iu-em-hetep, the son of Hathor-Iusãas and Atum-Ra. We have no need to go further back for the beginning of the Word, as utterer of the sayings. The canonical Gospels are based upon the "sayings" of Jesus; the Jesus that we claim to have been the son of Atum at On; genealogically, the grandson of Ptah at Memphis, and the author of the books of wisdom attributed to him as the Jesus of the Apocrypha, and Gospels of the Infancy.
Enough has been cited to show that the revelation ascribed to Jesus, the Christ of the canonical Gospels, had been previously published in the Ritual of the resurrection and uttered by Iu the Su of Atum-Ra (Iusa = Jesus or Tum = Thomas), who was and is and ever will be the Egyptian Jesus independently of any personal historical character.
The Egyptian Ritual contains the "sayings" or the words of wisdom that were attributed to Ra the inspiring holy spirit. As god the father this was Tum (or Thomas). The utterer of the "sayings" "with his mouth" was god the son, Iu (or Iu-em-hetep) the Su (son) who was Iu-Su, the ever-coming son in the religion of Annu, and Iusu when rendered through the Greek is 'Iesous' or Jesus."
See MATTHEW For Further Explanation of Sayings.
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The Second Death
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "In one chapter of the Ritual it is said of the deceased, "The mouth of N has been thirsty; but he will never hunger nor thirst any more; for Osiris-Châs delivers him and does away with hunger". In Revelation it is said "they shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more, for the lamb which is in the midst of the throne shall be their shepherd, and shall guide them unto fountains of the waters of life" (Rev. VII. 17). These take the place of the water-spring and the vases in the Ritual (ch. 178). A second death is spoken of several times, called the "Extinction of the Adversaries of the Inviolate God", "on the night when judgment was passed on those who are no more" (ch. 18). Those who suffer the second death are also spoken of as those who are buried for ever. That is, they have no part in the resurrection from Amenta. The deceased says in ch. 42 "I am he who dieth not a second time". In the rubric to ch. 135 it is said of the defunct "he dieth not a second time in the nether-world". In Revelation (XX) it is proclaimed that the part of the condemned guilty shall be in the lake that burneth with fire and brimstone; which is the second death. This, in the Ritual, is the lake or tank of flame in which the evil Sebau and the enemies of the good being are annihilated or extinguished for ever."
Solomon
Despite his great renown in the Bible, there isn't one shred of historical evidence that a King Solomon ever existed in the land of Israel. His fame is such that like other biblical names, it is a translation or substitution hiding his real identity. However when we relocate the search to Egypt, there is so much that cannot be ignored. In fact there can be no doubt at all that King Solomon was the Pharaoh Amenhotep III.
This image of Ymnhtp III shows how he might look as a young man in today's World.
The Evidence
Solomon's Name
One will rarely find a name in antiquity exactly as we know of it today. In a country like Egypt where there was a very large number of citizens from all over the Middle east, names were constantly in a state of flux. Amenhotep for example was renamed by Greeks who conquered Egypt, Amenophis. In Britain for some centuries French was a dominant language, and many towns in England still have their names in French. With such a large chunk of Egypt's population speaking a Semitic language besides that of the country they resided in, it was inevitable that the King's name would have an alternative, just as King Guillaume the First of England was William to the Saxons. With Egyptian names another factor enters the equation. They usually wrote the God name down first, although it was pronounced in reverse. Thus Ymntwtankh written, is Tutankhamen spoken. We know that for many centuries the main name of God revered in Egypt was Amen, and it is this name that has carried down through the ages at the end of every prayer. So this at least was unlikely to change when carried over into another language. The other main element in Amenhotep's royal title was 'Peace'. In Egyptian it is 'Htp', usually given in English as Hotep or Hetep. To the Semite population whether of Egypt or the lands they ruled to their north-east, it was Salim. This hasn't changed much over the millennia for now to the Hebrews it is 'Shalom' and to Arabs it is 'Salaam'. Substitute one for the other, and reverse the words for ease of pronunciation and Amenhotep becomes Salimamen. In the Greek Bible it is written as Salomon.
Finding the right Amenhotep is also no problem at all, for everything we know about the Pharaoh Amenhotep III matches exactly everything the Bible tells us about King Solomon.
Solomon's Father
Amenhotep III, that is Salim-Amen was the son of Tuthmosis IV. His name in Egyptian is quite different. It may be that the first Egyptologist to translate the name was biased, and was trying to hide the King's true identity. The first part of his name is shown in his cartouche by the hieroglyph of a 'Sacred Ibis', which has two strokes representing the letter 'y' or 'i' at the very end. In English it is pronounced as Dyayhwti. However the letter 'i' is more likely to be "a special adjective form of the preposition" (Refer "How to Read Hieroglyphs by Mark Collier and Bill Manley, para 60.), meaning 'who is' or 'who are'. The last part of his name - 'Mosis' has had arbitrary vowels inserted, for none are shown in the King's Cartouche. It only has the glyphs for the letters 'MS', and could just as easily be read as 'Moses', 'Meses' (as in Rameses) as well as 'Mosis'. However spelt in English, it means 'Born of', or perhaps, 'Son'. Properly translated the cartouche should be read as either 'Born of He who is Dyayhwt', or 'Son of He who is Dyayhwt'. This does not mean that his father was named Dyayhwt which sounds like David, he wasn't. Dyayhwt was a Lunar Deity of Learning and Writing.
Nor was he the Biblical David. Historical records point more to the biblical David as having been DyhwtiMs III, the great-grandfather of Amenhotep III/Solomon. The Scribes have merely admixed the two Davids into One. A simple error bearing in the mind the many centuries of oral tradition.
Solomon's Ancestry
There was a 16th Dynasty King named JACOB whose recorded history could well be that of the Biblical Jacob. We cannot tell whether Amenhotep III/Solomon was a descendant of this Pharaoh. We do know however that his father-in-law was the Chief Minister Yuya or Yu-Zaph, who was also head of Chariotry, and thus a very strong candidate as the biblical Joseph.
Solomon's Wealth
1 Kings 10:23 - "So King Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth for riches and for wisdom." Supposing that there was another King Solomon it is inconceivable that his riches could have been anywhere near that of the Pharaoh, never mind exceeding them.
Osman - 'Out of Egypt' - "Amenhotep III describes the temple (his mortuary temple) as: … an everlasting fortres of sandstone, embellished with gold throughout, its floor shining with silver and all its doorways with electrum [alloy of silver and gold]. It is wide and very long, adorned for eternity, and made festive with this exceptionally large stele. It is extended with royal statues of granite, of quartzite, and precious stones, fashioned to last for ever. They are higher than the rising of the heavens: their rays are in men's faces like the rising sun…..Its workshops are filled with male and female slaves, the children of chieftains of all the countries which my majesty conquered. Its magazines have stored up uncountable riches. It is surrounded by villages of Syrians, peopled with children of chieftains; its cattle are like the sands of the shore, totalling millions."
Osman then refers to Donal Redford's book "Akhenaten the Heretic King" in which he wrote, "The recorded figures of metals and precious stones that went into the Montu temple is quite staggering: 3.25 tons of electrum, 2.5 tons of gold, 924 tons of copper, 1,250 pounds of lapis lazuli, 215 pounds of turquoise, 1.5 tons of bronze and over 10 tons of beaten copper…"
Solomon's Palaces
Koran - The Chapter of The Ant - 27 Mecca - (E H Palmer translation) "And it was said to her, 'Enter the court;' and when she saw it, she reckoned it to be an abyss of water, and she uncovered her legs. Said he, 'Verily, it is a court paved with glass!' "
Now this is a very strong piece of evidence - ARCHAEOLOGISTS HAVE FOUND FRAGMENTS OF GLAZED TILES THAT REPRESENTED WATER AND SOME WITH PICTURES OF SWIMMING DUCKS AND FISH. WALL AND CEILING MURALS SHOWED BIRDS FLYING. BUT ONLY IN THE RUINS OF THE PALACE OF YMNHTP III AT MALQATA ON THE WEST BANK OF THE NILE FROM LUXOR
1 Kings 7:7 - The Throne Room, also called the Hall of Judgement, where Solomon decided cases, had cedar panels from the floor to the rafters." (Good News Version).
The Throne Room of Amenhotep III in Western Thebes (Luxor west bank) has been described as follows: "The reception quarters consist of a large squarish hall with many rows of columns in wood and throne dais set along the axis of the entrance corridor, a second smaller hypostyle (columned) hall with a throne dais near it, a throne room and a bedroom.
1 Kings 7:1 - "Solomon also built a palace for himself and it took him thirteen years."
The King's Palace in West Thebes was "the oldest and most important building, occupying the south-east quarter of the great complex and adjoined on the east by its kitchens, offices and store-rooms. It had also a section for the king's harem and was connected with a smaller palace, the residence of Queen Etiye, daughter of the king's high official, Yuya (Joseph).
1 Kings 7:8 - "Solomon's own quarters, in another court behind the Hall of Judgement, were made like other buildings. He also built the same kind of house for his wife, the daughter of the king of Egypt."
Amenhotep III did indeed marry his own sister, the Princes Sitamun, "the daughter of Tuthmosis IV, in order to gain his right to the throne, which was the Egyptian custom. William C. Hayes, the American scholar, commented in an article in the Journal of Near Eastern Studies in 1951: …'the great North Palace…appears to have been the residence of an extremely important royal lady, quite possibly Queen Sitamun.'
1 Kings 7:6 (KJV) - "And he made a porch of pillars; the length thereof was fifty cubits, and the breadth thereof thirty cubits: and the porch was before them: and the other pillars and the thick beam were before them.
1 Kings 7:6 (Good News Bible 2nd Edition) - "The Hall of Columns was 22.5 metres long and 13.5 metres wide. It had A COVERED PORCH, SUPPORTED BY COLUMNS."
We can actually check these measurements against a plan of the ruins of Amenhotep III's Palace at Malqata on the West Bank of the Nile at Luxor. Just check it for yourself. Go to the web page Malqata Palace. Identification can be made easier by increasing the size of the plan and scale until the scale of 40 metres is 4 centimetres long. One can do this by right clicking on computer mouse, and then 'Save Picture As...'. Open the image in a Photo, Browser or Word programme, and then drag a corner until the whole image inreases to the desired size. The topmost hall in the plan only shows where 4 columns once stood, but in the Hall next to it, there is a double line of 8 columns, making 16 in all. Now measure with a ruler the length and width of this Hall. You should get a result of something close to 23.7 metres long and 13.7 metres wide. This is slightly over the Bible figures, but there would have been some panelling, and we do not know what cubit the ancients were using. The Good News Bible figures though indicate that the Akkadian or Ugarit cubit of 44.5 centimetres has been used
Hayes described the Royal Audience Pavilion - "its floor elevated above the surrounding terrain, its northern façade provided with A BALCONY-LIKE PROJECTION JUTTING OUT INTO A DEEP, COLONNADED COURTYARD'.
1 Kings 7:2/3 - "The Hall of the Forest of Lebanon was 44 metres long, 22 metres wide, and 13.5 metres high. It had three rows of cedar pillars, fifteen in each row, with cedar beams resting on them. The ceiling was of cedar, extending over store-rooms which were supported by the pillars."
Hayes described a 'Festival Hall, prepared for the celebration of Amenhotep III's second sed festival,' and wrote "a big colonnaded building that extended at the very north of the palace complex. The complex also included houses for other members of the royal family as well as court officials and servants. Exactly as the Bible says, all the pillars were of cedar wood imported from Lebanon." Alexander Badawy, an Egyptian scholar, gives a detailed description of the hall in his book, 'A History of Egyptian Architecture: 'Ceilings were of timber rafters, covered beneath with lath and plaster and painted with a series of protecting Nekhbet vultures in the official halls and in the bedroom of the Pharaoh, or with vines within a frame of rosettes and chequered pattern, spirals and bulls' heads, similar to Aegean ornament. Floors were decorated in the same technique to represent a pool with papyrus, lotus and fowl."
Solomon's 80,000 Quarry Men
1 Kings 5:15 - Solomon also had seventy thousand burden-bearers and EIGHTY THOUSAND HEWERS OF STONE in the hill country, 16. besides Solomon's three thousand three hundred chief officers who were over the work, who had charge of the people who carried on the work. 17. At the King's command, they quarried out great, costly stones in order to lay the foundation of the house with dressed stones. 18. So Solomon's builders and Hiram's builders and the men of Gebal did the hewing and prepared the timber and the stone to build the house." (Revised Standard Version)
The Egyptian historian Manetho who lived circa 350BCE, wrote about the Pharaoh 'Amenhophis', but like the stories of David, appears to have amalgamated Amenhotep III and his son Amenhotep IV - also known as Akhenaten - into one character. This is not surprising since Horemheb tried to remove all traces of Akhenaten and extended his own reign back in time to the end of Amenhotep III's rule. Manetho goes on to tell us that Amenhophis wanted to rid the kingdom of all 'the lepers' and 'impure people'.
These terms were frequently used, not literally, but disparagingly of those who held firm to opposing religious beliefs.
"Thus it came about that 80,000 unclean individuals were rounded up and dispatched to the stone quarries, which are on the east side of the Nile, where they worked segregated from the rest of the Egyptian population. Among their number were some learned priests that were polluted with the leprosy." The main point here is that we have a match in the number of quarry men, namely 80,000. There were several ancient towns up river from Waset (Thebes-Luxor) called Gebel on modern maps. The likeliest is the New Kingdom town of Per-Hathor which is now Gabalin about 30 kilometres up stream and across the river from the Temple Site at Waset. The quarries may have been those in the vicinity of Aswan. If Solomon, his family and people were all Hprw - Hebrews as is shown in many of their titles, would this explain the community who practised a different form of Judaism on Elephantine Island in ancient times? Refer "The Mystery of the Copper Scroll of Qumran" pages 256 to 268. They may have given the name of Gebel or Gebal to the various towns of this name along the Nile, for there is no letter 'L' in Egyptian. True it may derive from Arab influence, but remember, Geb was the Egyptian Earth God, and El the name of a Sabaean God.
SOLOMON'S TEMPLE
Something is very very wrong with the Temple description given in 1 Kings Chapter 6. For a start the overall measurements of the Temple are minimal Using the Akkadian/Ugarit cubit they are no more than 27 metres long by 9 metres wide. Most small churches or chapels are much larger than this and the furnishings described are far too grandiose for a building hardly bigger than a large garage. There is also a noticeable error with the placement of the cherubim. With their wings alone stretching from one wall to the other, there isn't a single millimetre remaining to fit in the bodies of these angelic creatures.
We can tell by the cherubim that adorn the golden shrine of YmnTwtAnkh that the bodies would have to be at least two-fifths of a cubit wide. This means that the cherubim would have required almost 21 cubits of space between walls which were only 20 cubits apart.
Greek Historian Herodotus was born circa 490 to 480BCE, so his visit to Palestine must have taken place around the middle of that century, when Solomon's Temple should have been well known, and worthy of at least a passing mention. Yet Herodotus wrote only of two pillars in Tyre. He just couldn't have missed a fabulous Temple where the entire inside was covered in gold. During his visit to Egypt he recorded several tales about Thebes (Uaset) and he does mention the Temple of Jupiter in that city where a great statue of Jupiter had the head of a Ram. This would have to be Ymnhtp III's Temple of Amen, where an avenue of ram headed sphinxes still leads to the entrance. Herodotus was always interested in religion and how it was practised in each country he visited. A Temple where there were no statues or images to any God would have been a curiosity to him, and one about which, he surely would have had some comment to make.
Let us look at those figures again, from 1 Kings 6:2. The Temple was a mere twenty cubits wide, equal to 9 metres or 30 feet, and only three-score cubits long, equal to 27 metres or 100 feet. A church in Cairns along with a community hall close to it, has just been erected (December 2006), and each building would be larger than the one Temple of 1 Kings 6. They were completed and the outside walls finished and painted within some two or three months. Solomon's Temple though took seven years (1 Kings 6:38) and more than 150,000 people were employed on the project (1 Kings 5:15/16). The King then had to employ 24,000 to work on the Temple, with 6000 officials to run the place, and 4000 porters to carry 'Heaven knows what?' Another 4000 had to somehow cram into the confines of this tiny chapel, along with instruments to 'Praise The Lord'. The crush within must have been unbearable, and if they did somehow manage to raise a tune on their instruments, the noise and smell would both have been very noxious.
The Only Conclusion we can rationally make is that the Bible is talking about two different temples, perhaps one ever so small church in the Palestinian Jerusalem, and the real Temple that was remembered from another country and another time.
New evidence has been highlighted in the latest book by Robert Feather, "The Mystery of The Copper Scroll of Qumran". Not only are Egyptian numerals used in the Scroll, but Greek letters scattered through it, spell out the name of 'Akhenaten', the Heretic King, son of Amenhotep III/Solomon, who tried so hard to change religious belief in Egypt, and who is thought by so many biblical scholars to have been either Moses or Aaron.
Weights and measures in the Copper Scroll also make more sense as Egyptian, and using them as such the amount of gold found in the ruins at Armana are virtually a perfect match for the gold listed in some columns, with only a 4% discrepancy.
NOTE: Robert Feather points out that the main building at Qumran is in the same alignment as Akhenaten's Temple at Armana, and both are one thousand cubits from a river. The Temple at Karnak also has this same alignment and again is one thousand cubits from a Great River, The Nile.
We now know that temples in Egypt were aligned to the rising of Sirius. See "The Egypt Code" by Robert Bauval. In fact through the course of centuries and precessional movement of the heavens in relation to the Earth, new temples were realigned to the new position of Sirius in the first rays of dawning sunlight on the horizon. Sirius was seen as the Evercoming Son, Iosa, also known to Egyptians as HR (To the Greeks - Horus). The Heliacal Rising of Sirius only occurred every 1,460 years, and each new 'Sothic Year' was awaited with great excitement. King SalimAmen III would have had his 'Nephilim' - Watchers, i.e. Astronomers - searching for it towards the end of his reign. Alas, he didn't live to see it on or about 21st June, 1321BCE. Instead it would seem that YmnTwtAnkh was 'resurrected' on that date.
Like Qumran and Armana the neighbouring streets at Karnak are laid out in the same general plan. The alignment of the Temples at Karnak is a mirror reflection of the constellation of Aries and an avenue of Ram's Headed Sphinxes leads from Karnak to the Temple at Luxor. Amenhotep III was therefore seen as a Shepherd King and the Living Image of God. The Pharaohs of the 18th Dynasty carried a Flail and a Shepherd's Crook as their symbols of power over the people they ruled who saw the power of God as being centred in either Taurus or Aries. (Refer Genesis 46:33/34 and 31:12 King James Version).
Solomon's Temple: Part One Ezekiel's Dream
Ezekiel 47:1 - "Afterward he brought me again unto the door of the house, and, behold waters issued out from under the threshold of the house eastward: for the forefront of the house stood toward the east," (King James Version)
Ezekiel 47:3/4 - "And when the man that had the line in his hand went forth eastward, he measured a thousand cubits, and he brought me through the waters; the waters were to the ankles." Again he measured a thousand, and brought me through the waters; the waters were to my knees. Again he measured a thousand, and brought me through; the waters were to the loins."
Note: The Good News Bible reads 'Temple' Not 'house'.
The dreams of Ezekiel weren't written until after the supposed prophecies had taken place. Nevertheless some facts may be gleaned through the confusion of his fantasies. The Temple he describes is aligned west-east and the river is very wide, but only a thousand cubits from the Temple. This surely rules out the Temple in modern day Jerusalem. Whilst these verses put the river to the east of the Temple, Robert Feather in his book "The Mystery of the Copper Scroll of Qumran" writes, 'Later in the Old Testament Chapter Ezekiel makes it quite clear that this very wide river is to the west of the Temple..' Ezekiel chapter 48 does put the Temple to the west of the City..."
Solomon's Temple: Part Two The New Jerusalem
According to Robert Feather - see Part One - Text 5Q15 of the 'New Jerusalem' texts, found in Cave 5 at Qumran describes a City Plan, the number of blocks, and streets, together with the measurements of each block and the width of the streets. It also says that 'all are paved with white stone…marble and jasper.' Since Feather has identified Greek Letters in the Copper Scroll which approximate the name of 'Akhenaten' or 'Akhetaten' it is quite possible that the City in the New Jerusalem texts was the Pharaoh Akhenaten's Akhetaten. That new city was said to be gleaming white in the sunshine for its roads and buildings were made from limestone, which had the appearance of alabaster, and the lay out of the ruins is precisely as given in the texts. Furthermore the alignment of the Akhetaten Temple is the same as the buildings at Qumran, and both are one thousand Egyptian cubits from a great river or the Dead Sea. How could the Essene community possibly know the geographical layout of the lost city of Akhetaten when the details aren't to be found anywhere else? On top of that The Copper Scroll uses Egyptian numerals to list the treasures of gold, silver, etc. along with the places where they were hidden. Another oddity is that their calendar was solar based, not lunar as we might have expected of a religious community in Israel. None of the treasures have been found in modern Jerusalem despite the most enthusiastic activity by treasure hunters. But the amount of gold found so far in Akhetaten apparently does match the quantity given in the Copper Scroll. There is still much of the treasure still to be found, and Robert Feather points out the likely sites where it is hidden, in his book. But if Akhetaten was the New Jerusalem, then where was the Old? He appears to have overlooked the Temples at Karnak and Luxor where we have again the same strange north-west to south-east alignment, the same city plan, and again a distance of one thousand cubits to the River Nile. Whilst Feather admits that he doesn't know what this alignment can be, Belgian Jean-Piere LaCroix has shown at some length that the Temples in Luxor and Karnak are a mirror reflection of the constellation of Aries. The title of his web page is - "Thebes: a reflection of the sky on the pharaoh's earth". An avenue of Ram headed Sphinxes ran from one Temple to another to emphasise that each Temple was a Star in the constellation of Aries. We do know that a Civil War broke out between the two factions of the new age of Aries and the old age of Taurus, and this is the subject of Ralph Ellis's book, "Tempest & Exodus". He shows that the Tempest Stela has been wrongly translated, and his translation tells the story of what really happened. If he is correct, then here is the root cause for the whole beginnings of Judaism and the subsequent upheaval when the next new Age - Pisces arrived and kick started Christianity.
Solomon's Temple: Part Three The Furnishings
1 Kings 6:20/23 - "This inner room was nine metres long, nine metres wide, and nine metres high, all covered with pure gold. The altar was covered with cedar panels. The inside of the Temple was covered with gold, and gold chains were placed across the entrance of the inner room, which was also covered with gold. The whole interior of the Temple was covered with gold, as well as the altar in the Most Holy Place. Two winged creatures wee made of olive wood and placed in the Most Holy Place, each one 4.4 metres tall."
1 Kings 6:29/30 - "The walls of the main room and of the inner room were all decorated with carved figures of winged creatures, palm trees, and flowers. Even the floor was covered with gold."
A Temple of this grandeur would surely have left some traces, yet despite intensive searches over many decades, archaeologists have found nothing in Israel. Nor has anything been found of his Palace. But then in 1 Kings 10:28/29 the Scribes slipped up and didn't cover up the fact that Solomon had to have been King of Egypt. Only a king of Egypt could control the export of chariots from Egypt. The Temples in Luxor and Karnak appear to fit the bill admirably, and when we look at Solomon's Palaces we have all the main elements listed in 1 Kings.
From a plan of Luxor Temple, the Hall of the Barque may be an excellent candidate for the Inner Room described in 1 Kings 6:20. If not this Hall, then perhaps it could have been the Naos or Offering Hall? We do know at least that it was square shaped.
Lorna Oakes and Lucia Gahlin - "Ancient Egypt" Page 152. In a description of the Temple built by Amenhotep III/Solomon at Luxor - "..the buildings visible today date from the reign of Amenhotep III, the great temple builder of the Eighteenth Dynasty, a time when Egypt was very prosperous and powerful. On a black granite stela some 3 metres tall, now in the Cairo Museum, his (Amenhotep III) inscription records that he built the temple of: "fine limestone, wide very great and exceedingly beautiful. Its walls are of fine gold, its pavements of silver. All its gates are worked with the pride of lands. Its pylons reach to the sky, its flagpoles to the stars.."
This descriptive fragment doesn't tell us much, but that of Amenhotep's Montu Temple in Western Thebes does. According to the Stela found in this temple, Amenhotep III describes the temple as:
"..an everlasting fortress of sandstone, embellished with gold throughout, its floor shining with silver and all its doorways with electrum (ally of silver and gold). It is wide and very long, adorned for eternity, and made festive with this exceptionally large stele. It is extended with royal statues of granite, of quartzite and precious stones, fashioned to last for ever. They are higher than the rising of the heavens: their rays are in men's faces like the rising sun…"
The winged creatures are a regular feature in Egyptian Temples, and can be seen on the Shrine in Tutankhamen's tomb.
In his book "Akhenaten the Heretic King" Donald B. Redford writes, "The recorded figures of metals and precious stones that went into the Montu temple is quite staggering: 3.25 tons of electrum, 2.5 tons of gold, 924 tons of copper, 1,250 pounds of lapis lazuli, 215 pounds of turquoise, 1.5 tons of bronze and over 10 tons of beaten copper."
We could expect no less in the larger temples of Luxor and Karnak, and that means that we have found buildings of the same size and grandeur as are described in 1 Kings 6.
Solomon's Wives
1 Kings 11:3 -"And he had seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubines.."
Osman - 'Out of Egypt' -"The extravagance of the age is indicated by the fact that Gilukhepa, one of his (Amehhotep's) Mitannian wives, is said to have arrived in Egypt with a caravan that included more than 300 ladies-in-waiting."
1 Kings 11:19 -"...the king gave his sister-in-law, the sister of Queen Tahpenes, to Hadad in marriage."
A letter on a stone tablet found in the ruins of Akhetaten, modern day Amarna, refers to one of Amenhotep III's wives, Taduheba. When the Greek rulers of Egypt Hellenised names of towns and people they changed this to Taduhepenes.
1 Kings 11:1 -"But King Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites."
Osman - 'Out of Egypt' -"He (Amenhotep) also furthered the cause of Peace by a series of judicious marriages - two princesses from Syria, Mitanni and Babylonia, and one from Arzawa in south-western Asia Minor."
1 Kings 7:8 -"Solomon made also an house for Pharaoh's daughter, whom he had taken to wife."
Amenhotep III did indeed marry his father's daughter, Sitamun. A King of Israel could not have married the daughter of a Pharaoh. The Amarna letters tell us that Egyptian Kings did not give their daughters in marriage to foreign rulers.
But there is no doubt that Amenhotep III's favourite wife was the Queen Etiye. She is always shown by Egyptologists as 'Tiye'. There was no letter 'E' in Egyptian, so dropping the initial 'E' is excusable. However we know from the Kebra Nagast that there was an initial 'E', since Solomon's Son's Mother was, we are told, 'Eteye Azeb'. Could Azeb be Asheb or Sheba? If so then Solomon did marry the Queen of Sheba.
Solomon's Family
Amenhotep III had a daughter named Beketaten. His son Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhetaten in recognition of the new religion. In later years Tutankhaten changed his name to Tutankhamen when the Aten cult fell from favour. Thus Beketaten may have been formerly named after the Sun God 'Re' as were many Pharaohs. In this case she would have been known as Rebeke or Rebecca. Similarly the Pharaoh's grand-daughter Meritaten was most likely also known as Meriamen or Miriam.
Religious Fanatics will grasp at any straw to steer the open minded researcher away from evidence in these pages. The best one of them has been able to come up with, is 'Where is the letter 'T' in Rebeke and Miriam. Wilder variations were quite common, especially when the alternative name was in another language. For example Amenhotep III was also known as NEB MAAT RE. In one of the Armana tablets written during his reign, he is addressed not as Ymnhtp nor SalimYmn, nor Nebmaatre, but as 'NIMMURIA'. We would never even guess at such a change, but this is a proven reality. Furthermore the odd letters here and there were omitted from time to time - in writing - partly we surmise for euphony. The letter 'T' was used as a suffix in Egyptian in feminine words and names, similar to 'ette' in English, e.g. Usherette. It wasn't necessary when using the Hebrew versions of the same names, that is, Rebeke and Miriam.
1Kings 11:19 -"Hadad won the friendship of the king, and the king gave his sister-in-law, the sister of Queen Tahpenes, to Hadad in marriage."
Late in his life Amenhotep III married the daughter of Tushratta, the King of Mitanni. Her name was Tadukhepa which to the Greeks would have become something like 'Tadukhepenes' and most likely shortened to Tahpenes.
Solomon's Reign
1 Kings 11:42 -"He was king in Jerusalem over all Israel for forty years."
Amenhotep III was King of both Egypt and the land that became Israel. It is now generally accepted that his reign lasted from 1382 BCE to 1344BCE, and according to the historian Manetho, his rule lasted for 38 years and 7 months. But why stress 'Jerusalem'. Why not just 'king over all Israel'? It is like saying that the Elizabeth is Queen in London over all Australia which is true, but it wouldn't sound right if the record also said that she was Queen in London over all England. Again true, but unlikely to be put this way. If however Israel at the time was an appellation referring not to a nation but to a people who were highly concentrated in the capital province that was known as 'The City founded on Peace', i.e. 'Uru Salim', at least three hundred years before the supposed biblical account and before the Exodus then it makes more sense. Furthermore Amenhotep III's son Akhenaten was a Co-Regent with his seat of power in his new city of Akhetaten. Thus the verse could very well be disassociating Israel from the new heretic cult of the Aten. The priests of Amen who still exist to this very day, were it is well known trying to regain power and Amenhotep III could have been in dispute over this with his son. A possible scenario therefore is that Horemheb expelled Akhenaten (believed to be Moses), who left Egypt with his followers and ended up in Qumran, hence his name in The Copper Scroll. Subsequently Rameses I expels the Heprw people who have reverted to the God, Amen. Horemheb was the last Pharaoh to have the Heprw Sign in his Throne name, until Seti II in 1200 BCE. But this is only conjecture and one of many possibilities.
Solomon's Administration
1 Kings 4:7 -1 Kings 4:7 -"Solomon appointed twelve men as district governors in Israel. They were to provide food from their districts for the king and his household, each man being responsible for one month out of the year." (Good News Version).
Osman - 'Out of Egypt' - "The sudden appearance of such a supposed administration in Israelite tribal society during the 'United Monarchy of David and Solomon' in the 10th century BC, without any roots in the nation's previous history and followed by its sudden disappearance after Solomon's death, has been a source of puzzlement to scholars. The apparent contradiction is resolved, however, once identification of the historical David (Tuthmosis III) and Solomon (Amenhotep III) makes it clear that the sophisticated administration described in the Old Testament is the administration established by these two monarch in the 15th and 14th centuries BC to deal with the day-to-day task of ruling Egypt and its empire. During the empire period - and particularly during the time of Tuthmosis III (David) - the administrative system was reorganized to suit the needs of the age, and later further developed by Amenhotep III. It was then that , for the purposes of taxation, the empire was arranged in 12 administrative sections, an arrangement that the biblical narrator drew on for his account of the king the world now knows as Solomon. Almost all scholars agree (for example the German scholar Otto Eissfeldt) that the taxation system that the Bible says was introduced by Solomon matches precisely the system that was used in Egypt after Tuthmosis III had established the new Egyptian empire. Each of the 12 areas was the responsibility of a high official and was expected to contribute sufficient tax to cover the country's needs for one month of the year."
Solomon's Chariotry
1Kings 10:26 -"And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen: and he had a thousand and four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen, whom he bestowed in the cities for chariots, and with the king at Jerusalem."
Osman - 'Out of Egypt' - "These figures are far beyond the scope of a minor kingdom that Israel may have been at that time. They could only have been mustered by Egypt. Amenhotep III organized his Chariotry into a separate Unit early in his reign and his father-in-law Yuya (Yu-Zaph or Joseph), as the first minister to bear the title 'Deputy of His Majesty in the Chariotry."
1Kings 10:28/29 "The King's agents controlled the export of chariots from Egypt"
This is absolute proof that Solomon was a King of Egypt as well as head of his people whom he called 'Israel'. Only the King of Egypt's own agents could control the export of what was then equivalent to the nuclear power of the 14th century BC.
Solomon's Religion
1Kings 11:4 - "….his wives turned away his heart after other gods:…"
Amenhotep's name tells us that he worshipped the god 'Amen'. Towards the end of his reign it appears that he turned to the god of his wife Queen Tiye's father, Yuya (Joseph), the Aten. The events described by Graham Phillips in his book "Act of God" may have been the trigger. - "For someone so completely devoted to Amun-Re, Amonhotep does something very strange towards the end of his independent reign: he erects literally hundreds of statues to another deity - the goddess Sekhmet. At Asher, half a kilometer to the south of the Temple of Amun, Amonhotep was in the process of rebuilding a temple to the chief goddess Mut, when he suddenly reconsecrated it as a temple to Sekhmet."
Solomon's Mines
Charles Pope "The Mines at Timna in the Negev are traditionally thought to be Solomon's Mines. They date to the period of Amenhotep III's reign.
Massey - 'Ancient Egypt' -"The Egyptians also preserved traditions of Ta-nuter, the holy land that was known by the name of Punt or Puanta. Maspero spells the name Puanit. The present writer has rendered it Puanta. One meaning of anta, in Egyptian, is yellow or golden. Hence Puanta the golden. The name is applied in the Ritual (ch. 15) to the land of dawn, or anta, as the golden = the land of gold. ……But the land of Puanta is also geographical, and there was an Egyptian tradition that this divine country could be reached by ascending the river Nile (Maspero, Histoire Ancienne, p. 5). It was reported that in a remote region south you came to an unknown great water which bathed Puanta or the holy land, Ta-nuter. This, we suggest, was that nearest and largest of all the African lakes, now called the Victoria Nyanza, from which the river Nile debouches on its journey north.
.....it is recorded on the monuments that two naval expeditions were made by the Egyptians to the land of Puanta. The first occurred in the reign of Sankh-Ka-Ra, the last king of the eleventh dynasty, long before the expedition to Puanta was made in the time of Queen Hatshepsu (eighteenth dynasty). The leader of this earlier expedition was a nobleman named Hannu, who describes his passage inland through the desert and the cultivated land. On his return to Egypt from the gold land, he speaks of coming back from the land of Seba, and thus far identifies the one with the other. He says: "When I returned from Seba, or Seboea, I had executed the king's command, for I brought him back all kinds of presents which I had met with in the ports of Puanta, and I came back by the road of Uak and of Hannu" (Inscription, Rohan). In the story of the shipwrecked sailor the speaker says of his voyage: "I was going to the mines of Pharaoh, in a ship that was 150 cubits long and 40 cubits wide, with 150 of the best sailors in Egypt". He was shipwrecked on an island, which turned out to be in the land of Puanta. …..It is not said that this was the land of the mines, but he was sailing to the mines when he reached the land of Puanta (Petrie, Egyptian Tales, pp. 82, 90). An inscription found in the tomb of Iua and Thua (of the eighteenth dynasty ), which tomb was rich in gold, informs us that the gold had been brought from " the lands of the south".
The Egyptian word for Mines, 'Babait' lives on with the same meaning in Zimbabwe. It seems more likely that the African Mines provided the fabled riches, than those of the Negev. But this may never be known for certain.
Solomon's City
There are two theories behind the name of Jerusalem. Osman suggests that it derives from the words 'Uru' and 'Salim'. 'Uru' comes from the verb 'yarah', meaning to found or establish. 'Salim' means peace. Thus Uru-Salim was the City founded on Peace. In view of Amenhotep III's long reign of peace, this is quite possible, and in this case it would have to have been Thebes. On the other hand, according to Massey, "There were already two Jerusalems from the time when Judea and Palestine were appendages of Egypt. Two Jerusalems were recognized by Paul, one terrestrial, one celestial. The name of Jerusalem we read as the Aarru-salem or fields of peace, equivalent to Aarru-hetep or Sekhet-hetep, the fields of peace in Egyptian. Jerusalem below was the localized representative of Jerusalem above, the Aarru-salem or Aarru-hetep on the mount of peace in the heaven of the never-setting stars." If this is the true origin, then Hebrew migrants may have named their new city after the celestial one. On the other hand, if author Tony Bushby is right in surmising that King Solomon's Temple is the complex recently discovered beneath the Pyramids and Sphinx, then the immediate vicinity may have been the first 'fields of peace' or Jerusalem.
There is, I believe, a more logical explanation. We must remember that the biblical King David was Djayhwt III and that it was this king who built the first great temple in Waset (Thebes/Luxor)followed by his great grandson SalimAmen III who added to the Temple complex. Therefore we know for certain that Luxor was King David's City. The Egyptians embellished people and places with several names besides the ones that we recognise today. It is therefore quite possible that they not only called Waset the 'Many Gated City', but also knew it as IAH RE SALIM - (The Peace or Rest of the Moon God Yah and the Sun God Reh). Wherever we find a name beginning with 'Y' in Egyptian or Hebrew, then English has a tendency to transliterate this into a 'J'. Similarly Akhetaten's (Moses) new city of Akhetaten was very likely known as IAH RE KA - (The Spirit of Yah and Re). Horemheb aka Djoser Setepenre (Joshua) was a general who became King and he did knock down the city walls of Akhetaten, and in fact tried to expunge every memory of this city and the King who built it. So this was the original Jericho.
The Songs of Solomon
Either YmnHtp III, the Biblical King Solomon, may have written the songs of Solomon or more likely his son YmnHtp IV who renamed himself Akhenaten. Psalm 104 has been identified as having its roots in the Hymn to Aten believed to have been written by Akhenaten.
It is therefore no surprise to find a verse in the Bible Songs of Solomon containing three locations, which just have to be Egyptian.
Song-of-Solomon 4:8 Come with me from Lebanon, [my] spouse, with me from Lebanon: look from the top of Amana, from the top of Shenir and Hermon, from the lions' dens, from the mountains of the leopards.
The Heprew migrants going into Israel may have resurrected these names like many others, but with the songs being attributed to Solomon they must be actual locations in Egypt or have some meaning in their old religion of the stars.
Gerald Massey shows in his book "Ancient Egypt Light of the World" (1907) how Israel was once part of Egypt as was Iuta - Judah. More evidence that this was so can be found in the Bible. See"Israel Pre-Exodus"
It is tempting to take 'Amana' as Amarna, where Akhenaten built his new capital city devoted to the worship of the Aten. However the name by which it is known now, Amarna, may be much more recent.
Wikpedia - "The frequent designation "Tel el-Amarna" for the city is inaccurate: nowhere do the ancient remains constitute a mound of eroded architecture that would warrant the description of a "Tel" (Arabic: "city mound"), so common elsewhere in the region. Cyril Aldred notes that the name "Tel el-Amarna" is a misunderstanding of the name for one of the modern villages near the ruins, Et Til el Amarna. The name "Amarna" itself comes from the name of a tribe of nomads, the Beni Amran, who left the Eastern Desert in the 18th century to settle on the banks of the Nile along this stretch."
It is still possible that if this is true, then these nomads may have named themselves after 'Amarna', especially since both Heprew and Arabs went on to worship the God, Amen. After the demise of Akhetaten the priests of Amen resumed their traditional power base and temples to Amen flourished once more.
We are on safer ground though to look to Gerald Massey who wrote " When the nether-world had been completely excavated by Ptah, Amenta was established as the lower storey of two in the mount of earth which henceforth becomes the mount of Amenta. The name denotes the hidden or secret (Amen) earth (ta). It is also called the earth of eternity, the land of the living; for the Egyptians call those the living whom the less spiritualistic moderns designate the dead. The mount of earth became the mount of Amenta because Amenta had been tunnelled through the lower earth." In this case the scribe is recalling the Egyptian 'Amenta' when writing 'from the top of Amana'.
Shenir is much easier to place. Massey tells us, 'the word Shennu or Sheni in Egyptian also denotes an orbit, the circuit or circle, to turn and return. Hence the solar god was designated lord of Sheni. Mount Sheni, as the place of turning and returning, is the mount of the equinox. This was the mount of the two lions, and these also are the Sheni by name." There were, it is thought, two lion Sphinx next to the Great Pyramid.
In this next passage by Massey, Shenir is not only identified as Mount Sinai, but is linked to Hermon which was Khnum a religious site devoted to the worship of Khnum and later renamed Hermopolis by the Greeks:
"Here there is some evidence to show that the Hebrew Sinai is derived from the Egyptian Sheni. Ra, the solar god, is designated lord of Sheni in the Ritual. The speaker in chapter 36 says, "I am Khnum, the lord of Sheni", or Shennu, equivalent to Sinai in Hebrew. When Osiris becomes the supreme lord of the mountain in Amenta he is also described as the "commander in the region of Sheni." He is a form of that lord over all who gave the Commandments on Mount Sinai."
Massey then dismisses Mount Sinai as being a mountain in the earthly sense:
"The difficulty of identifying Sinai as a geographical mount, according to the book of Exodus, may be explained when we know that the beginnings were not geographical, and that the mount on which Shu-Anhur shared the throne of Ra his father was the mountain in Amenta, not on earth. It was the stellar mount of glory in the eschatology which had been the mount of sunrise in the mythology."
We can be reasonably sure that Mount Sinai was the Great Pyramid - (see Mount Sinai ) and it was of course a crucial focus point for the Nephilim - the Egyptian Astronomers who 'watched' the Giant Constellation, Orion. As Ralph Ellis points out in "Tempest and Exodus", Mount Sinai would have to be an extremely small mountain to set bounds around it, and a boundary that was sharply delineated -
"Exodus 19:12 And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, Take heed to yourselves, [that ye] go [not] up into the mount, or touch the border of it: whosoever toucheth the mount shall be surely put to death"
Solomon's Wisdom
1 Kings 3:9 -"So give me the wisdom I need"
1 Kings 10:4 -"The Queen of Sheba heard Solomon's wisdom and saw the palace he had built."
Wisdom comes to us as inspirational ideas, but the main source is through books. Small bookplates of faience have been found in the ruins of the King's Palace in Western Thebes bearing his name. One entitled "The Book of the Pomegranate Tree" may have been referred to in connection with the building of the Palace.
1 Kings 7:20 -"There were two hundred pomegranates in two rows round each capital."
1 Kings 3:9/12 -Amenhotep III was renowned for his great wisdom.
Solomon's Punishment
1 Kings 11:11/12 -"....I will take the kingdom away from you and give it to one of your officials. However for the sake of your father David I will not do this in your lifetime, but during the reign of your son."
This is exactly what happened to Amenhotep III. His Son King Twtankhymn (commonly referred to as King Tut), whose name in Hebrew was David like his grandfather, was the last of the family line.
The kingdom then went to the Priest or Official Ay, the prophet Ahijah of the Bible.
INCIDENTALLY These verses in the Bible solve the mystery of whether Tut/David was the son of Amenhotep III or of Akhenaten.
Solomon The Hebrew
On the Shrine of Amenhotep III's Son David/Twt is a cartouche containing one of the King's Royal Names, "RE HEPREW NEB". (Following accepted convention among Egyptologists the missing vowels in Egyptian script have been guessed at as being 'E') Re is Egyptian for God and Neb is Egyptian for Lord, and the usual given translation is "Lord God of Manifestations."(or Creations) This is not correct since 'Neb' has a different meaning when it follows the noun it qualifies. 'Neb' only means 'Lord' when it precedes the noun. Written after the noun it becomes 'ALL'. The correct translation therefore is 'GOD OF ALL CREATIONS'. However, leaving 'Creations in the original Egyptian, it reads 'GOD OF ALL HEPREW'. The letter 'W' in Egyptian was the plural ending, equivalent to the English 'S'. So we should read it as 'GOD OF ALL HEPREWS'.
(In Egyptian the letter 'H' is aspirated as in 'Loch') Most of Ymnhtp III's immediate ancestors, including grandfather and great grandfather also had the name 'Heprew' in one of their titles. The 'Heprew' word is shown as a Scarab Beetle in Egyptian and it's real meaning is 'Coming into Existence', 'Creations', or 'Manifestations'.
We only have to look at the face of Ymnhtp III in monuments and engravings to determine that he had the fine Jewish features. One good example is that of an engraving where he is wearing the Blue Crown of Egypt. Here we can see what he looked like from a left hand side of the face view. Replace the crown with a typical Hasidic hat and he would look like hundreds of thousands of other Orthodox Jews praying before the Temple Wall in Jerusalem. There is nothing Egyptian in this face whatsoever.
Solomon Father of Menelek
The Kebra Nagast (The Ethiopian Bible originating from the Egyptian Coptic Bible) tells us that Solomon had other sons beside Rehoboam, namely MENELEK and Aadrami. King Tutankhamen's cartouche reads YMN TWT ANKH for the name of God is always written first.
TWT or DYHT as in his grandfather's name was the Lunar God whom we know as Thoth or Tuth. IAH or YAH was another name for the Moon God and in Hebrew was often referred to as EL. The Semite population of Egypt were therefore more likely to have known YMN TWT ANKH as YMN EL ANKH.
When shown in biblical names 'Ankh becomes either 'AK', 'ONQ', or 'EK'. Silencing the initial 'Y', King Tutankhamen's name to his Semite subjects was MEN EL EK.
Conversely this means that there was a King Tutankhamen in Africa less than one hundred years ago. King Menelik II was Emperor of Ethiopia until 1913.
Mount Sinai
The Great Pyramid
"Ihuh says to Moses, 'Let them (the children of Israel) make me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them.' (Exodus 25:8) According to all that I show thee, the pattern of the dwelling and the pattern of all the furniture thereof, even so ye shall make it". "And they shall make an ark of acacia-wood". The two together, the sanctuary and the ark, constituted an ark-shrine of the true Egyptian pattern. As Egyptian, the ark of Ra-Harmakhu represented the double equinox in the two horizons. This was the "double abode of Ra" in the dual domain of light and shade, the model of the Jewish arks or tabernacles that were to be erected equally in sun and shade. The part open to the rays of light was exactly to balance the shade or veil of the covering, and not to have more sun than shade (Mishna, Treatise Succah, ch. 1). This was in accordance with the plan of the Great Pyramid in relation to the luminous hemisphere and the hemisphere of shade at the two equinoxes. The sanctuary of Ra was a figure of the heavens. The Hebrew ark was a portable copy, a tabernacle fitted for an itinerating deity. - Gerald Massey (1907).
"The mount of the horizon in the equinox was the place of the two lions called the Sheniu, which also tend to identify the mount with Sinai." - Gerald Massey.
These two extracts tell us that a monument was built that was recognised as the house of God, and that the balance of evidence weighs heavily towards its name having been Mount Sheniu, otherwise known as Mount Sinai.
It was clearly some very outstanding edifice, and not some obscure mountain whose whereabouts have been entirely forgotten and imagined in some remote wilderness. Just as in a later era Monks named Mt. Sinai according to their interpretation of the Bible, the Hebrews of the so called 'Exodus' lit upon one mountain after another as the site of the 'Mount of God'. In reality, as a place of worship it had to be close to a city and accommodation for the thousands of faithful who attended rituals and prayed to God there.
The Reader is invited to examine the following clues, and decide for themselves, until such time as new evidence comes to light which will prove it once and for all.
The Clues
Cairo, and Heliopolis are one and the same place.
Annu was On and the religious site there.
Annu was the Egyptian name for On, which was later given the Greek name of Heliopolis. -
Gerald Massey - "Ancient Egypt" - "There was a great Egyptian library at On or Annu, the Greek Heliopolis. Hence in heaven itself, or the Celestial City, the books of Taht were kept in Annu."
Genesis 41:45 - "And Pharaoh called Joseph's name Zaphnathpaaneah; and he gave him to wife Asenath the daughter of Potipherah priest of On."
There was yet another name for Annu, On, Heliopolis - Bethshemesh.
Jeremiah 43:13 (King James Version) - "He shall break also the images of Bethshemesh, that [is] in the land of Egypt; and the houses of the gods of the Egyptians shall he burn with fire."
Jeremiah 43:13 (Good News Version) - "He will destroy the sacred stone monuments at Heliopolis in Egypt and will burn down the temples of the Egyptian Gods."
1 Samuel 6:18/19(King James Version) -"......even unto the Great Stone of Abel, whereon they set down the Ark of the Lord; which stone remaineth unto this day in the field of Joshua, the Beth-Shemite. And he smote the men of Bethshemesh because they had looked into the Ark of the Lord ...and the people lamented because the Lord had smitten many of the people with a great slaughter."
But the original Ancient Egyptian name for Cairo was Per-Hapi-en-on, and was better known as Babylon.
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in the Bible" pages 152 to 153. - "Both Strabo (c.24BC) and St. Epiphanius of Salamis (315-403) recorded that the original site of Babylon was in Egypt, and as recent as 250 years ago, Cairo was identified on maps as 'formerly Babylon'. …. "An historical old writing titled 'Expedition in Mesopotamia' noted that a place called 'Borsippa (in Mesopotamia) became the name of the second Babylon', implying that it received its name from another and earlier Babylon.
- "The Secret in the Bible" pages 155 to 156 - "Egyptian archaeologists recorded the origin of the word 'Babylon', and that determined its precise and original location: A water gate on the south side of Babylon is now known as the Bab al-Hadid (Iron Gate). The word Babylon is a corruption of Per-Hapi-en-on which originally meant 'Estate of the god at ON', an ancient Egyptian name for this site. Hence Babylon meant 'Iron Gate to the god at ON.' "
Annu, therefore Cairo, was the site of the House of God, and the Rituals.
Gerald Massey - "Ancient Egypt" -- "Annu is termed the place "where thousands reunite themselves" soul and body. The house or beth of Osiris, then, was in Annu. "He rests in Annu, which is his dwelling". The names of its builders are recorded. Num raised it on its foundation. Seshet (or Sefekh) built it for him as his house of refuge and of rest (Rit., 57, 4, 5).
Egyptian Book of The Dead: - "The Osiris Ani saith:- I have risen up out of the seshett chamber, like the golden hawk which cometh forth from his egg."
Thus the resurrection chamber (See below) was known as 'the seshett chamber' after one of the builders of Annu.
Massey - "They receive the Sun-God at his entrance to the mountain in the West, and stand together by him when he issues forth at dawn from Beth-Annu, or Bethany, in the East."
Massey - "The struggle then of Jesus with the devil in the wilderness is a repetition of the conflict between Horus and Sut in the desert of Amenta; on the mount and on the pinnacle of the ben-ben or temple in Annu."
Location of Mt. Sinai.
Gerald Massey - "Ancient Egypt" -- "The difficulty of identifying Sinai as a geographical mount, according to the book of Exodus, may be explained when we know that the beginnings were not geographical, and that the mount on which Shu-Anhur shared the throne of Ra his father was the mountain in Amenta, not on earth. It was the stellar mount of glory in the eschatology which had been the mount of sunrise in the mythology. ……. "The mount which typified the means of ascent from the valley of Amenta to the summit where the glorified elect were taken on board the bark of Ra is variously represented in the Hebrew version of the exodus. As in the astronomical mythos, it is the one mountain with several names, and, being celestial, it may be localized in numerous sacred sties on earth as the place of worship."
The Name Mt. Sinai.
Gerald Massey - "Ancient Egypt" -- "Various meanings of the word Sheni coincide in showing that the typical Mount Sinai, Sin, or Ba-Shen was the Mount Sheni in the Egyptian astronomical mythology. " ……"there is some evidence to show that the Hebrew Sinai is derived from the Egyptian Sheni. After the passage of the Red Sea, in the exodus, the children of Israel arrive at "the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai" (Ex. XVI. 1). This wilderness can be identified in the Ritual with Anrutef, the region of sterility. After passing the red pool, lake, or sea, we come to the desert of Anrutef, which is said to be near Sheni. Ra, the solar god, is designated lord of Sheni in the Ritual. The speaker in chapter 36 says, "I am Khnum, the lord of Sheni", or Shennu, equivalent to Sinai in Hebrew. When Osiris becomes the supreme lord of the mountain in Amenta he is also described as the "commander in the region of Sheni." He is a form of that lord over all who gave the Commandments on Mount Sinai. Horus also issues from the region of Sheni with the other divine chiefs who repulse the enemies of Osiris in these battles against his enemies. He also is the lord who came from Sinai. ...... "The word Shennu or Sheni in Egyptian also denotes an orbit, the circuit or circle, to turn and return. Hence the solar god was designated lord of Sheni. Mount Sheni, as the place of turning and returning, is the mount of the equinox. This was the mount of the two lions, and these also are the Sheni by name. "
The Land of Shinar and the City of Babel
(A Biblical Record of the Building of Mt. Sinai)
Genesis 10:10 And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
Genesis 11:2 And it came to pass, as they journeyed from the east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there.
Genesis 11:4 And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top [may reach] unto heaven;
Genesis 11:9 Therefore is the name of it called Babel;
Daniel 1:2 And the Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, with part of the vessels of the house of God: which he carried into the land of Shinar to the house of his god; and he brought the vessels into the treasure house of his god.
Zecharia 5:10 Then said I to the angel that talked with me, Whither do these bear the ephah?
(In the Good News version, 'ephah' is translated into English - 'basket'. This may refer to the empty coffer.)
Zecharia 5:11 And he said unto me, To build it an house in the land of Shinar: and it shall be established, and set there upon her own base.
These verses from the Old Testament tell us that a City was built in the Land of Shinar and that City was called Babel. They also place the house of God in that land.
Bushby theorises that emigrants from the first Babylon - Cairo styled the Babylonian ziggurats after Egyptian monuments. However if the Land of Shinar is some reference to Sheniu, then the verses could refer to some early attempt at building the mountain of Amenta. As we now know that building teams came from all over Egypt, and probably from other lands as well, then the diversity of languages now makes sense.
The idea of a tower reaching to heaven also is more understandable as the mythical site of Amenta.
Beth-El is the House of God.
Genesis 28:17 "And he was afraid, and said, How dreadful is this place! This is none other but the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven." 19 "And he called the name of that place Beth-el."
Beth means House.
Gerald Massey - "The house or beth of Osiris, then, was in Annu." ….. "Annu is termed the place "where thousands reunite themselves" soul and body." …. "The two sisters as watchers are the two Mer, one of whom becomes Mary, the other Martha, as the two merti in Bethany=Beth-Annu." ….. "Mer denotes the eye, ti is two, and these are the two eyes or two watchers over Osiris in the abode that is the place of his burial and rebirth."
El Elyon means God who dwells on high, and it was believed that God resided on a mountain.
Graham Phillips -"The Moses Legacy" page 157. "El Elyon is used repeatedly in the original Hebrew Bible. According to linguist David Benedek it means 'one who dwells on high'. Josephus wrote that it was the opinion of men that God resided on the highest of all mountains thereabouts."
The alignment of the Great Pyramid is amazingly accurate, an important factor in Egyptian Rituals.
Robert Bauval and Adrian Gilbert - "The Orion Mystery"
Mt. Sinai in Egyptian mythology was the mount of sunrise in Amenta (The Nether World).
Gerald Massey - "In the solar mythos the mount was figured on or as the horizon at the point of equinox, the point of turning and returning from Amenta in the circuit of the year, or from the lower Egypt of the mythos. Hence it was named Mount Shenni=the Hebrew Sinai." ……. "At dawn the mount of sunrise in the garden eastward was attained. This was the mountain of Amenta, also called Shennu or Shenni=Sinai. Shena in Egyptian signifies the point of turning in the orbit of the solar course. This point was figured on the mountain where the lions rested as supporters of the solar disk at dawn" …… "In the solar mythos the mount was figured on or as the horizon at the point of equinox, the point of turning and returning from Amenta in the circuit of the year, or from the lower Egypt of the mythos. Hence it was named Mount Shenni=the Hebrew Sinai."
Jacob's Ladder.
Genesis 28:12 - "And he dreamed and behold a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven: and behold the angels of God ascending and descending on it."
The Great Pyramid is the only known place on Earth where there is a pathway to the Stars and home of the Gods.
Robert Bauval, "The Orion Mystery" - There are four narrow shafts in the Pyramid. One running up from the Kings Chamber is aligned with Orion's Belt and Sirius, which is where the Egyptians believed God to be. The Pyramid texts tell us that the dead King becomes a Star. The shaft is the beginning of his pathway to the stars. The three main pyramids mirror Orion's Belt in alignment and perceived size.
The Great Pyramid concentrates energy for the purpose of moving souls into the next life.
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in The Bible" - "the Great Pyramid was designed as a place of initiation…..its shape having something special to do with a kind of power or energy conduit concentrated in the Chamber of the Open Tomb. The subject of the Pyramid Effect is a serious matter and scientists admit that it provides for mankind a vast new principle. That principle can be demonstrated in a twelve inch high glass or crystal mini Benben built to the same proportions as the Great Pyramid. To that end, the Great Pyramid, when operating, was understood as a purposely-built apparatus for the exodus of consciousness from the three-dimensional plane of existence into realms of Higher-Intelligence. The experience of going into other worlds through the initiatory process in the Great Pyramid is revealed. ….."It provided a stepping-stone to another consciousness that showed mankind that when he completed the earthly phase of life, he moved onto the next evolution. ….The company of Gods left behind a structure today called the Great Pyramid that proves there is a 'beyond'".
The Giza Pyramids were not tombs.
Robert Bauval - The Orion Mystery". "They were Temples where the newly deceased Pharaohs could be taken before burial for the rituals necessary to release the soul to Heaven and prepare the Mummy for resurrection. "
The Sphinx is linked to Moses.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "The lion in sign-language was an Egyptian type of the terrible (Hor-Apollo, I, 20). This was applied to the sun or solar god as an image of his double force, and represented by Anhur and Tefnut. The hinder part of the lion that is carried on the head of Anhur is a sign of force. But the fore-part, the face and front of the lion, which reads peh-peh, denotes the glory of the double force. The fore-part of the lion or lion-god being the symbol of his glory, this was not to be seen by Moses, who is told to stand in the cleft of the rock whilst the glory of the Lord, or fore-part of the lion, passes by, and he is only to see the deity's hinder part. As Egyptian, the cleft in the rock was the place of entrance to and egress from Amenta."
Tony Bushby, "The Secret in the Bible". There is a cleft in the rock of the Sphinx giving access to complex underground passages linking the Sphinx and Great Pyramid via a Temple.
The Face of The Sphinx
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "Moses asks to see the glory, and the Lord replies, "Thou canst not see my face" and live, so terrible was the glory imaged by the lion's face. The glory being in front, the power was behind, and this alone could be seen by the mortal who desired to live. The unbearable glory obviously depended on the Lord as solar lion because he had first shown his face to Moses "as a man". " ...... - "The reason of this roaring in that shape is that the Lord was imaged as a lion on the mount of the lions, which was the Mount Shennu = Sinai, the lion-mount where the Lord was the solar lion"
This may explain why the face of the Sphinx was damaged. The idea of being able to look upon the face of God could have been objectionable in the eyes of later generations.
The Sphinx faces the east and rising sun, and its back is to the west.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "Now, according to the astronomical mythology….. the lion of the hinder part was to the west, the lion with the face of glory to the east, the place of sunrise."
The Ark of the Covenant.
The Coffer in the Great Pyramid matches exactly the biblical measurements of the Ark.
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in the Bible" - page 142 "It is an interesting fact that the cubic capacity of the coffer is the same as the biblical 'Ark of the Covenant', that mysterious chest that was said in the Bible to have performed a series of supernatural events. The situation became even more confused when Egyptologists noticed in the coffer, a bright violet glow appeared around it, shimmering as the hand was shaken. Later experiments showed that the light intensified with sound resonance."
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "Now, Israel is charged by Amos with having borne an ark-shrine that was obviously the tabernacle of a star-god or gods who were once the Elohim after which she went a-whoring (Amos. V. 26). The passage in the revised version runs thus, "Yea, ye have borne siccuth your king and chiun your images, the star of your god, which ye made to yourselves". The most probable rendering depends on siccuth being a tabernacle or ark of the god, corresponding to the Egyptian sekhet, for an ark, shrine, or cabin, and on chiun, from chun, denoting the pillar or pedestal of the star. Kûn signifies to found, set up, erect, heap up, and establish; it denotes the highest point, at the centre, and is applied to the founding of the world. The name was assigned to Saturn as god in the highest. But Sut was the earlier founder of a world as god of the pole, in conjunction with his mother, who first represented the mount. The siccuth as tabernacle, ark, or female abode is equivalent to the ben-ben or beth of the child, the god or king who as Sut was figured at times within the cone. The chun as pedestal would be the pillar of the star, and the images would signify the ark of the pole and its star in short, the Great Mother and her child, who were the primeval female and male as Apt (or the Egypto-Semitic naked goddess Kûn) and Sut, later Sut-Anup. See 'The Benben' below.
The empty Coffer in the chamber near the peak of the Great Pyramid, was used as a Resurrection Chamber.
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in The Bible" - "Upon completion of the ritual Osiris' mummy was taken up to the Chamber of the Open Tomb and placed in the empty sarcophagus. The Book of the Dead calls that large stone structure the Resurrection Machine or, in some translations, the Instrument of Resurrection."
The Resurrection Chamber was in Mount Sinai.
Egyptian Book of the Dead - "Who are these Watchers? - "They are Anubis and Horus, [the latter being] in the form of Horus the sightless. Others, however, say that they are the Tchatcha (sovereign princes of Osiris), who bring to nought the operations of their knives; and others say that they are the chiefs of the Sheniu Chamber."
Thus the Sheniu Chamber was part of the Rituals.
The Levites removed the Ark of the Covenant and were punished for doing so.
1 Samuel 6:15 "And the Levites took down the ark of the LORD, and the coffer that [was] with it, wherein the jewels of gold [were], and put [them] on the great stone: and the men of Bethshemesh offered burnt offerings and sacrificed sacrifices the same day unto the LORD."
1 Samuel 6:19 And he smote the men of Bethshemesh, because they had looked into the ark of the LORD"
Bethshemesh was Cairo - See above.
The Promised Land was Heaven, not a geographical location such as Israel.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "Shu, takes up the leadership upon the horizon east at dawn, to end the journey in the promised land or upper paradise of plenty and perpetual peace." ….. "In the second stage the promised land is that more ancient circumpolar paradise upon Mount Hetep first mapped out in seven divisions, where the water-plants (aarru) supplied a primeval natural type of plenty. " ….. " Gleams of the ancient glory are afloat in Jewish eyes that still turn Zionward, still mistaking the earthly for the heavenly vision of the eternal city, a promised land in Palestine for a celestial locality that is still en l'air or in the clouds of prophecy. If they were to see the promised land in Palestine to-day, they would not find the eternal city of their dreams at Jerusalem any more than at Rome or Thebes, at Memphis, at Annu, or any other foundation upon which the celestial home of rest was portrayed in heaven or localized in a pattern on this earth."
The Promised Land, i.e. Heaven, could be seen from Mt. Sinai.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "Now, according to the astronomical mythology - with the twin lions stationed east and west - the lion of the hinder part was to the west, the lion with the face of glory to the east, the place of sunrise. The entrance to the nether earth was in the west. This was the side of the Amenta through which the first of the two leaders was Moses; he was to see the back part only, whether of the double horizon, or the god in person, or the lion of Atum-Ra. Thus, the statement that Moses was not to see the glory or fore-part is equivalent to his not being allowed to enter the promised land upon the other side of the water, which was visible from the mountain of Amenta that reached up to the sky."
This indicates that Moses entered Amenta, The Great Pyramid through a western entrance.
Moses was not to look upon the face of God.
This relates to his position on the Pyramid, or 'Mount of Amenta' whence he would only be able to see the hind-quarters of the Sphinx.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "the statement that Moses was not to see the glory or fore-part is equivalent to his not being allowed to enter the promised land upon the other side of the water, which was visible from the mountain of Amenta that reached up to the sky."
Mt. Sinai was always considered a Holy Site.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "In fact, Mount Sinai was Egyptian at any time from seven thousand to thirteen thousand years ago, both as a geographical locality and as a sacred site. The deities who were worshipped on it were likewise Egyptian. It was the seat of Hathor, of Atum-Ra, and Horus the calf. There is a vignette to the Ritual in which this dynasty of divinities from On or Heliopolis may be seen grouped together on the mount. The scene portrayed is on Mount Sheni, which became the Hebrew Sinai."
Mt. Sinai as the mount of glory was the Mount of the Equinox.
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "The descriptions of Mount Sinai in the book of Exodus show that it was the mount of glory in the solar mythos - that is, the mount of sunrise in the daily course, and the mount of the equinox as the horizon of the annual sun. Various meanings of the word Sheni coincide in showing that the typical Mount Sinai, Sin, or Ba-Shen was the Mount Sheni in the Egyptian astronomical mythology.
The Great Pyramid lies at the centre of the World's land masses, i.e. a line crossing the most land from north to south intersects with a line crossing the most land from east to west on the very spot where the Great Pyramid is situated. No other mountain on Earth meets this criteria.
The Great Pyramid Robbery
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in the Bible" Page 228. "The most important and valuable aspects of the Sumerian writings of interest here are the 'Inscriptions of Gudea', the 'Inscriptions on Statue B of Gudea' in the Louvre and the poetically-rendered chronicles known by scholars as the Myths of Kur. Transcriptions vary with different scholars but taking the narratives as generally understood, they record an attempt to take possession of the temple on Mt. Sinai, and steal the Benben from the summit of the Great Pyramid. ……… An Egyptian God whose epithet was 'The Bright Serpent', was needed to complete the new temple and King Gudea's instructions were 'to build it to be like the House of the Serpent, and as strong as that place, it shall be built'. That ancient Sumerian documentation provided a direct link to the Great Pyramid for it was originally called by Mystery School initiates, 'The House of the Serpent'."
The Benben
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "The so-called tabernacle was a "hut", which agrees with the conical pillar or ben-ben as a figure of the pole. The god of the pillar originated as god of the pole; Sut was primarily and pre-eminently god of the pillar, and El-Shaddai we hold to have been a form of Sut-Anup on his mountain of the pole."
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in the Bible" "Early Egyptian priests believed that RA and Khepra personally arrived on Earth in a mysterious 'secret object' call 'Akka'. That object was later renamed 'Benben', a term deriving from an Egyptian word meaning 'seed' or 'essence'. It is repeatedly recorded in traditional Egyptian history that the Benben 'came from the sky' and it became the most esteemed object of the time.
What Happened to The Benben?
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in the Bible" "An inscription on a stele of Pharaoh Pi-Ankhi (c.750BC) described in detail his personal visit to the shrine. …. Intent on seeing the celestial object for himself, Pharaoh P-Ankhi offered a series of elaborate sacrifices at daybreak in the Temple's forecourt. He then entered the Temple proper, purified himself in a type of baptism, and moved into a sacred area called, 'The Star Room': 'The king Pi-Ankhi mounted the stairs towards the large window, in order to view the god RA within the Benben. The King personally, standing up and being all alone, pushed apart the bold and opened the two door-leaves. Then he viewed his father RA in the splendid sanctuary of Het-Benben.' ….. He then stepped back in awe, closed the doors behind him 'and placed thereon a clay seal, impressing upon it his signet'.
So the Benben was in place some 2750 years ago.
Tony Bushby - "The Secret in the Bible" "The holy Arabic city of M'akka (Mecca in English) in Saudi Arabia was at one time in its early history called 'Akka'. That came about in 487 BC after a Berber tribe of Northern Africa removed the Benben from Heliopolis and, after nearly 14 months of overland travel, relocated it in South-west Asia. They named their new settlement 'Akka' after the Benben's original name," ………"In Mecca stood the Ka'aba, a magnificent cube-shaped shrine to which millions of Muslims make annual pilgrimages to pray, believing it is the home of God. ……. Inside the cube was a stone called the 'Black stone of the Ka'aba,' around which cluster many traditions, the most predominant being that it originally 'came down from Paradise illuminated and as white as milk. …… Muslims themselves claim that within the Ka'aba is Gods 'Celestial Chamber', the same term used in the Pyramid Texts to describe the Benben, and they recorded that it was some sort of cosmic stone."
The Celestial Mountain
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - " The mount upon which Moses stood in conversation with Ihuh is identified with the celestial height, when it is said to the children of Israel, "Ye yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven". This, again, is celestial as the mount on which the pattern of the divine dwelling, or ark and tabernacle of the Lord, was shown to Moses. In the Ritual it is the mountain of Amenta that touches the sky. It is said almost in the opening of the book of Exodus, when the call is made to Moses by Ihuh, "When thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain" (Ex. III. 12), which is here called Mount Horeb, the mountain of God. It is also said of the chosen people, in this ancient fragment of the mythos, "Thou shalt bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of their inheritance, the place, O Lord, which thou hast made for them to dwell in, the sanctuary, O Lord, which thy hands have established", where "the Lord shall reign for ever and ever". This was in the mount of Jerusalem on high, the celestial mount of the gathering and congregating together in the Aarru-Salem = Aarru-Hetep in Jerusalem below by those who built the city as outcasts or colonists from Egypt. The mountains are several. Elsewhere it is Mount Zion or Sinai. But the mountain of God, the holy mountain, is one, because it was astronomical; therefore in the eschatology it is the mount for which they were bound as spirits, and not as leprous and abominated mortals fleeing from the land of the Pharaohs."
Further Evidence - See Web Page Mount Sinai By Ralph Ellis
The Morning Star
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "In Revelation, the son of God promises to give the morning star to him that overcometh. "As I also have received of my father; I will give him the morning star" (Rev. II. 28). The morning star was equally identified with Horus. "I know the powers of the east: Horus of the mount of glory, the calf in presence of the god, and the star of dawn" (Rit., ch. 109).
The powers represented in the vignette are Atum-Ra, the father, with Horus (or Jesus) the son, as a calf, the later lamb. This is Horus of the morning star. In the vignette to the previous chapter (108) the powers are Atum, the father, Horus (as Sebek), the son, and Hathor as the bride (Naville, Todt. Kap., 108, 109). Here is an application of the imagery to the deceased which is as old as the Pyramids. The morning star was given by Horus to his followers who were reborn in Sothis. The rebirth of Pepi was in or as the morning star. And "his guide the morning star leadeth him to paradise, where he seateth himself upon his throne" (Budge, Book of the Dead, Introd., pp. 141, 143). When Pepi goeth forth into heaven he is led by Septet, the female Sothis, and his guide is the morning star. She is the bride whom he calls his sister. He seats himself upon his throne of ba-metal. This throne has lions' heads, and feet in the form of hoofs called the hoofs of the bull, Sema-Ur. Thus the lion and the bull, or bullock, meet in the throne of Pepi, which is the throne of god upon the mount of glory (Pyramid Texts, 304), and the types are equivalent to Atum the man-faced lion and Iu the son, as calf, later lamb, together with the bride in Sothis.
Drowning The Swine
Gerald Massey -"Ancient Egypt" - "Horus commands in the boat. Ra annihilates his enemies from the boat. It is in the boat of the Sun that Ra puts a limit to the power of his enemies when they pursue him to the water's edge; that is, to the horizon of day. So Jesus takes refuge in the boat and finds protection when he perceives that he is about to be taken by force; he likewise walks upon the water to the boat. Death by drowning in the lake was the mode of execution appointed for the evil Apap and his host of darkness who attacked the solar bark by night. The fiends of Sut are also included in this sentence of death by drowning in the emerald lake of heaven, or of dawn. Now the fiends of the evil Sut were represented as swine. And immediately after the great tempest in the sea which Jesus stills, the devils are made to enter the swine, and, like the emissaries of Apap and of Sut who "causes storms and tempests", they are driven down the mountain-side to suffer death by drowning in the lake. It was on the mount that Jesus met with the man obsessed with a legion of devils who "entreated him that he woul |